Week 47
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Welcome to Week 47 of the Cover to Cover Challenge!
Continue to pray for understanding as we study the Word of God, and pray for the Lord to be honored and glorified. Psalm 136:1 says “Oh, give thanks to the Lord, for He is good! For His mercy endures forever”. |
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Sunday • Psalms 134-136
Psalm 134 is the last of the Songs of Ascent. In verses 1-2 the priests lead the people in worship of the Lord. It would have been a time of praise with songs, musical instruments, and times of prayer. Verse 3 is the priest blessing all the people.
Psalm 135 is a hymn of praise to the Lord for His creative acts and sovereignty over history. This psalm may build off Psalm 134. It also begins with a call to worship, although it is more extensive here in this psalm (v1-4). Speaking from personal experience, the psalmist praises God for His acts in creation which show that He has all authority and power (v5-7). The Lord’s power and strength are also seen in His acts in salvation history (v8-12). He alone called and saved His people from Egyptian bondage. Because God is Creator and the Author of salvation in delivering His people from bondage, His name will be remembered (v13-14). Verses 15-18 come from Psalm 115:4-8. These verses form a contrast with God who is powerful and sovereign, and the idols which are worthless. Verses 19-21 call upon everyone to praise the Lord.
Psalm 136 is also a hymn of praise that many believe was associated with Passover. Every verse praises God “For His mercy (loyal love) endures forever”. Each act that God did for His people was out of His great love for them (and us). Verses 1-3 open the psalm with thanks because of God’s acts in history and salvation. Verses 4-9 praise God for His acts of creation which show His glory. Verses 10-15 refer to the deliverance from Egypt showing God’s strength. Verses 16-20 refer to the wilderness wanderings and show God’s care for them. Verses 21-22 refer to the conquest of the land of Canaan and God delivering their enemies into their hands. From Egypt, to the wilderness, and to the conquest of the land, God rescued and provided for His people (v23-25). For all of this God is to be thanked (v26).
Psalm 134 is the last of the Songs of Ascent. In verses 1-2 the priests lead the people in worship of the Lord. It would have been a time of praise with songs, musical instruments, and times of prayer. Verse 3 is the priest blessing all the people.
Psalm 135 is a hymn of praise to the Lord for His creative acts and sovereignty over history. This psalm may build off Psalm 134. It also begins with a call to worship, although it is more extensive here in this psalm (v1-4). Speaking from personal experience, the psalmist praises God for His acts in creation which show that He has all authority and power (v5-7). The Lord’s power and strength are also seen in His acts in salvation history (v8-12). He alone called and saved His people from Egyptian bondage. Because God is Creator and the Author of salvation in delivering His people from bondage, His name will be remembered (v13-14). Verses 15-18 come from Psalm 115:4-8. These verses form a contrast with God who is powerful and sovereign, and the idols which are worthless. Verses 19-21 call upon everyone to praise the Lord.
Psalm 136 is also a hymn of praise that many believe was associated with Passover. Every verse praises God “For His mercy (loyal love) endures forever”. Each act that God did for His people was out of His great love for them (and us). Verses 1-3 open the psalm with thanks because of God’s acts in history and salvation. Verses 4-9 praise God for His acts of creation which show His glory. Verses 10-15 refer to the deliverance from Egypt showing God’s strength. Verses 16-20 refer to the wilderness wanderings and show God’s care for them. Verses 21-22 refer to the conquest of the land of Canaan and God delivering their enemies into their hands. From Egypt, to the wilderness, and to the conquest of the land, God rescued and provided for His people (v23-25). For all of this God is to be thanked (v26).
Monday • Deuteronomy 16-19
Deuteronomy 16:1-17 gives a summary of the three great feasts for the Israelites. Passover celebrates the angel of death passing over the homes of the Israelites (v1-8). Every male was required to celebrate at the central tabernacle and every family celebrated in their home. Verses 9-12 describe the Feast of Weeks (Pentecost). It is celebrated 7 weeks after the offering of new grain (freewill offering from first produce). Verses 13-17 describe the Feast of Tabernacles (Booths), which is celebrated at the fall harvest. The Israelites would camp in booths, reminding them of their camping in the wilderness following the exodus. All males were required to be at these three festivals. Verses 18-20 concern the appointment of judges and officers who administer justice and enforce God’s laws. If the people obey they will be blessed by God. In verses 21-22 the people are told not to set up any pagan worship centers. In chapter 12 they were already instructed to tear down the ones in Canaan when they enter the land.
Deuteronomy 17 opens with instruction to not offer blemished sacrifices to God (v1). What follows are instructions for worship that pleases God (v2-7). One cannot follow other gods and serve the one true God. The person who is found guilty will be put to death. For cases that are hard to judge the people are to bring it before the priests, Levites, and the judges to discern (v8-13). The discipline recorded in chapter 17 is to ensure the obedience and faithfulness of the people. If deeds go unpunished, sin would become a normal way of life.
Deuteronomy 17:14-18:22 discusses the three main offices of the Old Testament: king (17:14-20), priests (18:1-8), and prophets (v15-22). In the discussion of a king God is not recommending a king, but allowing them to choose a king (1 Sam. 8:19-20). The instructions will allow for a godly king and reign. In 18:1-8 the priests are to come from the tribe of Levi and offer sacrifices on behalf of the people. They are also to be supported and provided for by the people. Verses 9-14 contain instructions for them to avoid the pagan practices of those in Canaan because these practices are not only forbidden by the Lord, but they are the reason He is driving them out. Verses 15-22 concern the office of the prophet. God promises to raise up a prophet like Moses from among them to deliver God’s word. All of these offices are to perform their calling in the name of the Lord. Jesus is the fulfillment of these verses. He also is the only One to hold all three offices. Today Jesus is the only prophet, priest, and king.
Deuteronomy 16:1-17 gives a summary of the three great feasts for the Israelites. Passover celebrates the angel of death passing over the homes of the Israelites (v1-8). Every male was required to celebrate at the central tabernacle and every family celebrated in their home. Verses 9-12 describe the Feast of Weeks (Pentecost). It is celebrated 7 weeks after the offering of new grain (freewill offering from first produce). Verses 13-17 describe the Feast of Tabernacles (Booths), which is celebrated at the fall harvest. The Israelites would camp in booths, reminding them of their camping in the wilderness following the exodus. All males were required to be at these three festivals. Verses 18-20 concern the appointment of judges and officers who administer justice and enforce God’s laws. If the people obey they will be blessed by God. In verses 21-22 the people are told not to set up any pagan worship centers. In chapter 12 they were already instructed to tear down the ones in Canaan when they enter the land.
Deuteronomy 17 opens with instruction to not offer blemished sacrifices to God (v1). What follows are instructions for worship that pleases God (v2-7). One cannot follow other gods and serve the one true God. The person who is found guilty will be put to death. For cases that are hard to judge the people are to bring it before the priests, Levites, and the judges to discern (v8-13). The discipline recorded in chapter 17 is to ensure the obedience and faithfulness of the people. If deeds go unpunished, sin would become a normal way of life.
Deuteronomy 17:14-18:22 discusses the three main offices of the Old Testament: king (17:14-20), priests (18:1-8), and prophets (v15-22). In the discussion of a king God is not recommending a king, but allowing them to choose a king (1 Sam. 8:19-20). The instructions will allow for a godly king and reign. In 18:1-8 the priests are to come from the tribe of Levi and offer sacrifices on behalf of the people. They are also to be supported and provided for by the people. Verses 9-14 contain instructions for them to avoid the pagan practices of those in Canaan because these practices are not only forbidden by the Lord, but they are the reason He is driving them out. Verses 15-22 concern the office of the prophet. God promises to raise up a prophet like Moses from among them to deliver God’s word. All of these offices are to perform their calling in the name of the Lord. Jesus is the fulfillment of these verses. He also is the only One to hold all three offices. Today Jesus is the only prophet, priest, and king.
Tuesday • Ezra 6-10
Ezra 6:1-12 is the answer to the letter written by Tattenai to king Darius inquiring about the renewed efforts to rebuild the temple. In verses 1-5 a search was done of the archives in Media-Persia, and Cyrus’ decree is found instructing the Jews to rebuild the temple. Darius instructs Tattenai and the people to support the Jews in rebuilding the temple and to not hinder it in any way (v6-12). With their help, the encouragement of Haggai and Zechariah, and the hard work of the people the temple was completed four years after they began (v13-15). The temple was dedicated in verses 16-18, and the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread was celebrated (v19-22).
In Ezra 7:1-10 Ezra will lead another group of exiles back to Jerusalem some 60 years (some say 80) after the dedication of the temple. Ezra is a priest, a descendant of Aaron, and is skilled in the Law of Moses. Verses 12-26 are the letter from Artaxerxes to Ezra, supplying him with all he needs (and much more) to return to Jerusalem. These verses were also written in Aramaic so that all could read and understand that it was ordered by the king. Ezra recognizes that all of this is happening because of the Lord (v27-28).
Ezra 8:1-14 contains the list of the families who returned with Ezra. There were no Levites in the group so Ezra enquires about finding some Levites willing to join (v15-20). Ezra prays for protection over their journey to Jerusalem (v21-23). Ezra did not ask for armed protection for their journey, but Nehemiah will have armed escorts when he returns (Neh. 2:9). The priests are given their possessions to carry to the temple in Jerusalem in verses 24-30. What was given to them would be worth millions of dollars today. Four months later they arrive in Jerusalem (v31-36). Sacrifices were made in thanks to God, and a sin offering was also offered.
In Ezra 9:1-3 Ezra learns about the leaders marrying pagan women. The people listed are the original people who lived in Canaan before the Jews entered it. This great sin caused others to gather with Ezra at the evening sacrifice, which was a time of confession (v4-5). Ezra is grieved over the moral failure of the people. Verses 6-15 are his prayer before God, expressing his desire for them to be forgiven. God had been so gracious to them, and now they have sinned against God.
In Ezra 10:1-4 the people come weeping to Ezra, realizing they have sinned against God. They want to make a covenant with God and make things right between them and the Lord. Ezra gets the leaders of the priests, the Levites, and the people to swear an oath that they would do God’s will in the matter (v5-15). After going in with the leaders, an assembly of the people is called in Jerusalem. After Ezra addresses their sin they confess that they have sinned against the Lord. A committee is formed to investigate and interview the men who had taken pagan wives (v16-17). Verses 18-43 contains the lists of those who had married pagan wives and who had agreed to put them away.
Ezra 6:1-12 is the answer to the letter written by Tattenai to king Darius inquiring about the renewed efforts to rebuild the temple. In verses 1-5 a search was done of the archives in Media-Persia, and Cyrus’ decree is found instructing the Jews to rebuild the temple. Darius instructs Tattenai and the people to support the Jews in rebuilding the temple and to not hinder it in any way (v6-12). With their help, the encouragement of Haggai and Zechariah, and the hard work of the people the temple was completed four years after they began (v13-15). The temple was dedicated in verses 16-18, and the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread was celebrated (v19-22).
In Ezra 7:1-10 Ezra will lead another group of exiles back to Jerusalem some 60 years (some say 80) after the dedication of the temple. Ezra is a priest, a descendant of Aaron, and is skilled in the Law of Moses. Verses 12-26 are the letter from Artaxerxes to Ezra, supplying him with all he needs (and much more) to return to Jerusalem. These verses were also written in Aramaic so that all could read and understand that it was ordered by the king. Ezra recognizes that all of this is happening because of the Lord (v27-28).
Ezra 8:1-14 contains the list of the families who returned with Ezra. There were no Levites in the group so Ezra enquires about finding some Levites willing to join (v15-20). Ezra prays for protection over their journey to Jerusalem (v21-23). Ezra did not ask for armed protection for their journey, but Nehemiah will have armed escorts when he returns (Neh. 2:9). The priests are given their possessions to carry to the temple in Jerusalem in verses 24-30. What was given to them would be worth millions of dollars today. Four months later they arrive in Jerusalem (v31-36). Sacrifices were made in thanks to God, and a sin offering was also offered.
In Ezra 9:1-3 Ezra learns about the leaders marrying pagan women. The people listed are the original people who lived in Canaan before the Jews entered it. This great sin caused others to gather with Ezra at the evening sacrifice, which was a time of confession (v4-5). Ezra is grieved over the moral failure of the people. Verses 6-15 are his prayer before God, expressing his desire for them to be forgiven. God had been so gracious to them, and now they have sinned against God.
In Ezra 10:1-4 the people come weeping to Ezra, realizing they have sinned against God. They want to make a covenant with God and make things right between them and the Lord. Ezra gets the leaders of the priests, the Levites, and the people to swear an oath that they would do God’s will in the matter (v5-15). After going in with the leaders, an assembly of the people is called in Jerusalem. After Ezra addresses their sin they confess that they have sinned against the Lord. A committee is formed to investigate and interview the men who had taken pagan wives (v16-17). Verses 18-43 contains the lists of those who had married pagan wives and who had agreed to put them away.
Wednesday • Acts 17-18
In Acts 17:1-9 Paul preaches the gospel in Thessalonica. It was located on the Egnatian Way, which was the main highway going east to west. The word “reasoned” in verse 2 shows that Paul used the Old Testament to support the message of the resurrection of Jesus. Many believed but Paul was forced out and went to Berea. The people of Berea were open minded to what Paul had to say and even searched the Scriptures to determine if what he was preaching was true (v10-15). Paul preaches the gospel in Athens after he sees that they are worshiping idols (v16-21). The Epicureans were pleasure seekers, while the Stoics sought to live honorable lives. Neither group believed in immortality. Paul will preach to them at the Areopagus (Mars Hill) about their “Unknown God”, to show them that He is near and very knowable (v22-31). His message will show them that God is the Creator of the world, that they need God, and that idolatry is foolish. The reaction of the crowd shows that some only mocked him, others wanted to hear him again, and some believed (v32-34).
In Acts 18:1-17 Paul journeys to Corinth, which was known for its paganism and its temple to Aphrodite (Diana). Here, he meets Priscilla and Aquila who are fellow tentmakers. Paul preached in the synagogue there, but was opposed by many of the Jews. Crispus, the leader of the synagogue, does believe and so do many Corinthians. Jesus speaks to Paul in Corinth and encourages him by telling him of his divine protection. Gallio was proconsul in Achaia in 50-51 AD which helps date the book of Acts and Paul’s other writings. In verses 18-23 Paul goes to Ephesus on his way back to Antioch. The vow Paul took was a probably a temporary vow where his hair was offered as a sacrifice out of gratitude to God. Acts 18:23 marks the beginning of Paul’s 3rd missionary journey. In verses 24-28 Apollos is introduced. He is well educated, strong in the Scriptures, and is enthused about the Lord. Apollos only knew about John’s baptism, and was instructed by Priscilla and Aquila about Jesus and the gospel message.
In Acts 17:1-9 Paul preaches the gospel in Thessalonica. It was located on the Egnatian Way, which was the main highway going east to west. The word “reasoned” in verse 2 shows that Paul used the Old Testament to support the message of the resurrection of Jesus. Many believed but Paul was forced out and went to Berea. The people of Berea were open minded to what Paul had to say and even searched the Scriptures to determine if what he was preaching was true (v10-15). Paul preaches the gospel in Athens after he sees that they are worshiping idols (v16-21). The Epicureans were pleasure seekers, while the Stoics sought to live honorable lives. Neither group believed in immortality. Paul will preach to them at the Areopagus (Mars Hill) about their “Unknown God”, to show them that He is near and very knowable (v22-31). His message will show them that God is the Creator of the world, that they need God, and that idolatry is foolish. The reaction of the crowd shows that some only mocked him, others wanted to hear him again, and some believed (v32-34).
In Acts 18:1-17 Paul journeys to Corinth, which was known for its paganism and its temple to Aphrodite (Diana). Here, he meets Priscilla and Aquila who are fellow tentmakers. Paul preached in the synagogue there, but was opposed by many of the Jews. Crispus, the leader of the synagogue, does believe and so do many Corinthians. Jesus speaks to Paul in Corinth and encourages him by telling him of his divine protection. Gallio was proconsul in Achaia in 50-51 AD which helps date the book of Acts and Paul’s other writings. In verses 18-23 Paul goes to Ephesus on his way back to Antioch. The vow Paul took was a probably a temporary vow where his hair was offered as a sacrifice out of gratitude to God. Acts 18:23 marks the beginning of Paul’s 3rd missionary journey. In verses 24-28 Apollos is introduced. He is well educated, strong in the Scriptures, and is enthused about the Lord. Apollos only knew about John’s baptism, and was instructed by Priscilla and Aquila about Jesus and the gospel message.
Thursday • Ecclesiastes 1-2
Ecclesiastes (“Preacher”) is believed to have been written by Solomon (1:1,12). Ecclesiastes 12:9 speaks of the author of the book as having wisdom, and many proverbs. It was more than likely written toward the end of his life, and it could be called his autobiography. The purpose of the book is to warn people not to follow after worldly things, but to pursue God in life (12:9-14). The word “vanity” (useless, meaningless) is used many times in the book to show that the pursuit of worldly things will leave you with nothing.
In Ecclesiastes 1:1-3 Solomon shows that the pursuit of worldly pleasures and meaning is vanity (useless, meaningless). Solomon shows, in verses 4-11, that meaning in life cannot be found in nature even though God is the Creator of it. Even with the wisdom Solomon had, life made no sense at times and was frustrating (v12-18). Solomon even made the point that his wisdom caused him much grief and sorrow in the pursuit of trying to understand worldly things.
In Ecclesiastes 2:1-11, Solomon seeks the answers to a meaningful life in many pleasures. Laughter, drinking, large estates, lavish gardens, herds of cattle, his position as king, beautiful music, and his many wives- all these pursuits did not result in lasting pleasure. They too were meaningless. In verses 12-23 he does see being a wise person as being better than the fool. Both will meet the same end-death. What use is t for a man to build up his kingdom only to have to leave it to a fool? Verses 24-26 do not promote a life seeking pleasure. Solomon is saying that whether anyone understands the meaning of life or not, they should look to God daily for their needs.
Ecclesiastes (“Preacher”) is believed to have been written by Solomon (1:1,12). Ecclesiastes 12:9 speaks of the author of the book as having wisdom, and many proverbs. It was more than likely written toward the end of his life, and it could be called his autobiography. The purpose of the book is to warn people not to follow after worldly things, but to pursue God in life (12:9-14). The word “vanity” (useless, meaningless) is used many times in the book to show that the pursuit of worldly things will leave you with nothing.
In Ecclesiastes 1:1-3 Solomon shows that the pursuit of worldly pleasures and meaning is vanity (useless, meaningless). Solomon shows, in verses 4-11, that meaning in life cannot be found in nature even though God is the Creator of it. Even with the wisdom Solomon had, life made no sense at times and was frustrating (v12-18). Solomon even made the point that his wisdom caused him much grief and sorrow in the pursuit of trying to understand worldly things.
In Ecclesiastes 2:1-11, Solomon seeks the answers to a meaningful life in many pleasures. Laughter, drinking, large estates, lavish gardens, herds of cattle, his position as king, beautiful music, and his many wives- all these pursuits did not result in lasting pleasure. They too were meaningless. In verses 12-23 he does see being a wise person as being better than the fool. Both will meet the same end-death. What use is t for a man to build up his kingdom only to have to leave it to a fool? Verses 24-26 do not promote a life seeking pleasure. Solomon is saying that whether anyone understands the meaning of life or not, they should look to God daily for their needs.
Friday • Zechariah 8-14
Zechariah 8:1-17 contrasts Israel’s past disobedience with their future restoration. These verses are also called the deliverance or a salvation oracle promising their restoration. This oracle shows that God is standing behind each word (v2), the message of the salvation the people will experience (v3-8), God directly addressing the people (v9-17), and the proclamation not to be afraid (v13,15). God is going to regather His people, be their God, and dwell among them. In verses 18-23 the Jews are also told that their mourning and times of fasting will cease and turn to joy. There will be a day when even the Gentiles will come to them and want to worship God (future Messianic kingdom).
Zechariah 9-14 primarily deal with the future, even from our day. In some of these prophecies there is an immediate fulfillment for them and a future fulfillment. Its focus is on the judgment and blessings for when the Messiah becomes King. Zechariah 9:1-8 shows the destruction of the nations mentioned in the text. This was accomplished by Alexander the Great who swiftly took over the regions mentioned, but when he came to Jerusalem he would not take it (v8). Verses 9-10 refer, in their context, to the future Messianic kingdom when Jesus comes again. He is described as righteous, saving, humble, and peaceful. It was also fulfilled in Jesus’ Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem. The people will rejoice because He has come and for His kingdom, which is a kingdom of peace. Verses 11-13 show Him as being the conquering King who delivers the people from their enemies. This deliverance will result in the people experiencing God’s protection and His blessings (v14-17).
In Zechariah 10:1-4 Zechariah explains that prayer to God brings blessing, but following idols will bring judgment and pain. They had followed false prophets (shepherds) in the past. God will judge the false shepherds and He will care for the people Himself. In the face of their enemies God will regather His people and reunite the nation (v5-7). He will regather them from far away nations and give them strength (v8-12).
Zechariah 11 describes the rejection of the Messiah. In verses 1-3 the whole region will be affected because of their rejection. It would also include the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. In verses 4-14, Zechariah is instructed to act out the role of the good shepherd for the flock. The two staffs “Beauty” (Favor) and “Bonds” (Unity) represent Christ’s ministry in leading and protecting His people in hopes of uniting them under Him. Upon His rejection, both staffs are broken. Verses 12-13 depict the severing of the relationship with the worker demanding his wages of 30 pieces of silver. This is quoted in the New Testament for the betrayal of Jesus for 30 pieces of silver. After the rejection of the Messiah, a worthless shepherd takes His place (v15-17). This worthless shepherd will probably be fulfilled with the rise of the Antichrist.
Zechariah 12:1-3 shows the future siege on Jerusalem and the Messiah delivering them at His return (Rev.16:16-21). In that day, Israel will be like an immovable rock because it is the Lord who will defend her. Verses 4-6 show their enemies experiencing the curses of the covenant for those who come against Israel. God is shown as being with them, going before them, and giving them strength (v7-9). At that time God will pour out His Spirit on the people and they will mourn over the rejected Messiah and repent (v10-14).
Zechariah 13:1-3 shows the cleansing of sin that can now be attained by the death of the Messiah. There will also be a cleansing in the land of false prophets, idols, and unclean spirits (v4-6). Verses 7-9 go back to the people’s rejection of the Shepherd, and also show the death of the Shepherd (Matt. 26:31).
Zechariah 14 is about the return of the Lord and the setting up of His kingdom. Verses 1-2 are probably speaking about Armageddon (Rev. 16:16-21). Verses 3-8 show the coming of Christ fulfilling not only these words, but also Acts 1:9-12 when He ascended from Mt. Olive. It will also be a day of signs and wonders in the skies, which is a common theme in all end time prophecies. He will establish His kingdom of peace in Jerusalem (v9-11), and He will punish all of those who have fought against His people (v12-15). People from all nations will come and worship the King (v16-21). His Kingdom will rule forever and ever (Rev. 19:16).
Zechariah 8:1-17 contrasts Israel’s past disobedience with their future restoration. These verses are also called the deliverance or a salvation oracle promising their restoration. This oracle shows that God is standing behind each word (v2), the message of the salvation the people will experience (v3-8), God directly addressing the people (v9-17), and the proclamation not to be afraid (v13,15). God is going to regather His people, be their God, and dwell among them. In verses 18-23 the Jews are also told that their mourning and times of fasting will cease and turn to joy. There will be a day when even the Gentiles will come to them and want to worship God (future Messianic kingdom).
Zechariah 9-14 primarily deal with the future, even from our day. In some of these prophecies there is an immediate fulfillment for them and a future fulfillment. Its focus is on the judgment and blessings for when the Messiah becomes King. Zechariah 9:1-8 shows the destruction of the nations mentioned in the text. This was accomplished by Alexander the Great who swiftly took over the regions mentioned, but when he came to Jerusalem he would not take it (v8). Verses 9-10 refer, in their context, to the future Messianic kingdom when Jesus comes again. He is described as righteous, saving, humble, and peaceful. It was also fulfilled in Jesus’ Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem. The people will rejoice because He has come and for His kingdom, which is a kingdom of peace. Verses 11-13 show Him as being the conquering King who delivers the people from their enemies. This deliverance will result in the people experiencing God’s protection and His blessings (v14-17).
In Zechariah 10:1-4 Zechariah explains that prayer to God brings blessing, but following idols will bring judgment and pain. They had followed false prophets (shepherds) in the past. God will judge the false shepherds and He will care for the people Himself. In the face of their enemies God will regather His people and reunite the nation (v5-7). He will regather them from far away nations and give them strength (v8-12).
Zechariah 11 describes the rejection of the Messiah. In verses 1-3 the whole region will be affected because of their rejection. It would also include the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. In verses 4-14, Zechariah is instructed to act out the role of the good shepherd for the flock. The two staffs “Beauty” (Favor) and “Bonds” (Unity) represent Christ’s ministry in leading and protecting His people in hopes of uniting them under Him. Upon His rejection, both staffs are broken. Verses 12-13 depict the severing of the relationship with the worker demanding his wages of 30 pieces of silver. This is quoted in the New Testament for the betrayal of Jesus for 30 pieces of silver. After the rejection of the Messiah, a worthless shepherd takes His place (v15-17). This worthless shepherd will probably be fulfilled with the rise of the Antichrist.
Zechariah 12:1-3 shows the future siege on Jerusalem and the Messiah delivering them at His return (Rev.16:16-21). In that day, Israel will be like an immovable rock because it is the Lord who will defend her. Verses 4-6 show their enemies experiencing the curses of the covenant for those who come against Israel. God is shown as being with them, going before them, and giving them strength (v7-9). At that time God will pour out His Spirit on the people and they will mourn over the rejected Messiah and repent (v10-14).
Zechariah 13:1-3 shows the cleansing of sin that can now be attained by the death of the Messiah. There will also be a cleansing in the land of false prophets, idols, and unclean spirits (v4-6). Verses 7-9 go back to the people’s rejection of the Shepherd, and also show the death of the Shepherd (Matt. 26:31).
Zechariah 14 is about the return of the Lord and the setting up of His kingdom. Verses 1-2 are probably speaking about Armageddon (Rev. 16:16-21). Verses 3-8 show the coming of Christ fulfilling not only these words, but also Acts 1:9-12 when He ascended from Mt. Olive. It will also be a day of signs and wonders in the skies, which is a common theme in all end time prophecies. He will establish His kingdom of peace in Jerusalem (v9-11), and He will punish all of those who have fought against His people (v12-15). People from all nations will come and worship the King (v16-21). His Kingdom will rule forever and ever (Rev. 19:16).
Saturday • Hebrews 11-13
In Hebrews 11:1-3 the writer discusses the topic of faith. Each of the people he names in this chapter placed their faith in God, not knowing what the future held. Their faith in God motivated them to continue moving forward no matter how difficult life became. Without faith it is impossible to please God. This chapter is also called the “Hall of Faith” chapter because the people listed are praised because of their devout faith in God. For the sake of space, I will not discuss each person. Faith was seen in people’s lives before the flood (v4-7), and in the lives of Abraham (still in high regard among Jews) and Sarah (v8-12). In verses 13-16 the author again praises these people of faith for being an example for us to embrace the promises of God by faith. The author returns to the patriarchs for examples of faith (v17-22) and turns to Moses (most revered among Jews), and gives 5 faith lessons from his life in verses 23-29. Verses 30-31 cover the exodus generation and verses 32-38 cover various people from different times in the Old Testament. All of these had a promise of the coming Savior, and the people the author of Hebrews is writing to have seen the fulfilment of that promise (v39-40).
Hebrews 12:1-3 also serves to encourage the readers of the letter to keep pressing on despite their hardships and persecutions, just like those he spoke of in chapter 11. They are to keep running their race, not looking at their hardships, but looking upon Jesus. He is encouraging them not to give in to sin (v1), not to lose focus (v2), and not to give up (v3). Verses 4-11 show that suffering is not because God does not love us, but because He does. The discipline of the Lord proves that one is a son. When God disciplines believers it is so they will be fruitful in their lives. Building on this he encourages the people to live godly lives, and this will require their greatest effort (v12-17). Verses 18-24 are a comparison between the fear at Mount Sinai when they received the law, and with the glory of Mount Zion. In verses 25-29 the readers are also warned not to reject the voice of Him who speaks from heaven (Jesus) like those who in the past rejected His prophets (those who spoke on earth).
In Hebrews 13:1-6 the author encourages his readers to live a life of love, especially as it concerns the needs of others. Behavior of leadership is instrumental for those who are following them (v7). Leaders should be worth following. Verse 8 goes with verse 7. Earthly leaders will come and go, but there is One who is here forever and who never changes. Verse 9 is a warning to avoid false doctrines. Verses 10-16 are meant to show the readers that Jesus was sacrificed outside the camp, and believers must join Him outside of the camp- not participating in the world’s practices. Leaders will also give an account for their leadership over God’s people, and the people are encouraged not to make things hard for them so they can lead (v17). The book of Hebrews ends with a prayer (v18-19) and a doxology praising the Lord for His sacrifice, His salvation, and His sanctifying work in the believer (v20-25).
In Hebrews 11:1-3 the writer discusses the topic of faith. Each of the people he names in this chapter placed their faith in God, not knowing what the future held. Their faith in God motivated them to continue moving forward no matter how difficult life became. Without faith it is impossible to please God. This chapter is also called the “Hall of Faith” chapter because the people listed are praised because of their devout faith in God. For the sake of space, I will not discuss each person. Faith was seen in people’s lives before the flood (v4-7), and in the lives of Abraham (still in high regard among Jews) and Sarah (v8-12). In verses 13-16 the author again praises these people of faith for being an example for us to embrace the promises of God by faith. The author returns to the patriarchs for examples of faith (v17-22) and turns to Moses (most revered among Jews), and gives 5 faith lessons from his life in verses 23-29. Verses 30-31 cover the exodus generation and verses 32-38 cover various people from different times in the Old Testament. All of these had a promise of the coming Savior, and the people the author of Hebrews is writing to have seen the fulfilment of that promise (v39-40).
Hebrews 12:1-3 also serves to encourage the readers of the letter to keep pressing on despite their hardships and persecutions, just like those he spoke of in chapter 11. They are to keep running their race, not looking at their hardships, but looking upon Jesus. He is encouraging them not to give in to sin (v1), not to lose focus (v2), and not to give up (v3). Verses 4-11 show that suffering is not because God does not love us, but because He does. The discipline of the Lord proves that one is a son. When God disciplines believers it is so they will be fruitful in their lives. Building on this he encourages the people to live godly lives, and this will require their greatest effort (v12-17). Verses 18-24 are a comparison between the fear at Mount Sinai when they received the law, and with the glory of Mount Zion. In verses 25-29 the readers are also warned not to reject the voice of Him who speaks from heaven (Jesus) like those who in the past rejected His prophets (those who spoke on earth).
In Hebrews 13:1-6 the author encourages his readers to live a life of love, especially as it concerns the needs of others. Behavior of leadership is instrumental for those who are following them (v7). Leaders should be worth following. Verse 8 goes with verse 7. Earthly leaders will come and go, but there is One who is here forever and who never changes. Verse 9 is a warning to avoid false doctrines. Verses 10-16 are meant to show the readers that Jesus was sacrificed outside the camp, and believers must join Him outside of the camp- not participating in the world’s practices. Leaders will also give an account for their leadership over God’s people, and the people are encouraged not to make things hard for them so they can lead (v17). The book of Hebrews ends with a prayer (v18-19) and a doxology praising the Lord for His sacrifice, His salvation, and His sanctifying work in the believer (v20-25).
Bibliography
Barker, Kenneth L. Expositor’s Bible Commentary OT/NT. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1994.
Bible Study Press. The NET Bible First Edition Notes. Biblical Studies Press, 2006.
Carson, D.A. & Douglas Moo. An Introduction to the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005.
Guthrie, Donald. TNTC: Hebrews An Introduction and Commentary. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1983.
Kidner, Derek. TOTC: Ezra and Nehemiah. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1979.
Klein, George L. NAC: Zechariah. Nashville: B&H Publishing, 2008.
Longman, Tremper. Layman’s Old Testament Bible Commentary. Uhrichsville: Barbour Publishing, 2010.
Mare, W. Harold. NT Background Commentary: Words, Phrases, and Situations. Rosshire: Mentor, 2004.
Polhill, John B. NAC: Acts. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1992.
Willmington, H.L. The Outline Bible. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1999.
Cover to Cover Challenge logo and printed materials are property of Nazareth Baptist Church and Pastor Jason Bell. Please do not copy without written permission.
Bible Study Press. The NET Bible First Edition Notes. Biblical Studies Press, 2006.
Carson, D.A. & Douglas Moo. An Introduction to the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005.
Guthrie, Donald. TNTC: Hebrews An Introduction and Commentary. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1983.
Kidner, Derek. TOTC: Ezra and Nehemiah. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1979.
Klein, George L. NAC: Zechariah. Nashville: B&H Publishing, 2008.
Longman, Tremper. Layman’s Old Testament Bible Commentary. Uhrichsville: Barbour Publishing, 2010.
Mare, W. Harold. NT Background Commentary: Words, Phrases, and Situations. Rosshire: Mentor, 2004.
Polhill, John B. NAC: Acts. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1992.
Willmington, H.L. The Outline Bible. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1999.
Cover to Cover Challenge logo and printed materials are property of Nazareth Baptist Church and Pastor Jason Bell. Please do not copy without written permission.